Materi (2) NOUN alias kata benda
Klasifikasi noun sebenernya banyak (abstract dan concrete) --> intinya abstract yg tidak dlihat seperti friendship, freedom, ability, agreement.. Concrete: nama orang, nama negara, kebangsaan, nama gunung, nama sungai, nama hari.. (NB: untuk membedakan kedua jenis noun ini gak begitu worth it)
Yg penting adalah kita bisa membedakan countable dan uncountable serta aplikasi dalam kalimat
COUNTABLE
Terbagi menjadi singular dan plural
#singular# kita bisa memakai a/an, one, this, that, each, every, another, a single
Example
1. She buys a book and an apple
2. There is one car
3. This house is good but that house is not
4. Each student is happy
5. Every teacher comes on time
6. I dont like this book, give me another book
7. I dont like a single part of this book
#Plural#
Ya namanya jamak tambah aja s atau es sesuai aturan
1. Rata rata hanya tambah s
2. Noun yg berakhiran s, ss, z, x, ch di tambah es ya..-----> 3 buses, 2 glasses, 2 quizes, 6 boxes, 5 chruches
3. Tambahkan es juga pada noun akhiran o ---> one heroes, two tomatoes
4. Merubah y menjadi i dan tambah es >> two babies, hobbies, cities
5. Akhiran Y tapi sebelumnya vowel alias a, i, u, e, o maka cukup tambah S >> keys, days, monkeys
6. Merubah f/fe menjadi ves >> my lives (life), many leaves (leaf), many wolves (wolf)
7. Kata kata irreguler >> child jadi children, man/woman jadi men/women, foot jadi feet, goose jadi geese,, mouse jadi mice, ox jadi oxen
8. Um jadi a ya..>> datum itu singular dan plural nya data, memorandum jadi memoranda, agendum jadi agenda
9. On jadi a >> criterion jadi criteria, phenomenon jadi phenomena
10. Us jadi i >> alumnus jadi alumni, stimulus jadi stimuli
11. Ada si yg singular Sama dengan plural nya >> deer, sheep, cattle, fish, series, species, means
12. Kata hundred, million sama thousand gak pake s ya >> two hundred books jadi yg pake s bukan hundred nya tapi book nya.. Oke???
13. Beda kasus kalo ada kalian >> hundreds of employees artisan ratusan pekerja... Tens of students artinya puluhan murid2.
*penting tapi kadang sering Lupa* setelah OF harus bentuk plural ya kalo noun nya adalah countable
One of the books (setelah kan ada kata book jadi book nya harus jamak karena book kan countable)
UnCOUNTABLE NOUN
Intinya gak bisa dihitung: oil, sand, fruit, blood, milk, coffee, tea, mathematics pokoknya semua bidang ilmu, news, furniture, equipment, information, hydrogen pokoknya semua senyawa kimia, money, knowledge, evidence, education, homework
*uncountable noun selalu dianggap singular*
- There is oil in the kitchen ---> bukan there are yaaa
-Our blood is red >> bukan are
*bisa sih merubah uncountable menjadi countable dengan di kasih satuan*
A bar of chocolate dan two bars of chocolate --> jadi misal plural yg di tambah s bukan chocolate nya tapi bar nya yaaaa
*QUANTIFIER*
1. Much untuk uncountable dan many untuk countable ya
- I Have much money ---> karena money uncountable jadi gak pake s ya (ingat uncountable selalu singular)
-I have many friends
2. A little lawannya a few >> litte uncountable ya
3. Some sama any unique mereka bisa di pake dua dua nya cuma some kusus kalimat positif dan any kusus kalimat negatif
- I need some money or i need some friends
- I dont need any money
-I dont need any friends
4. Several untuk countable ya
5. A lot of, most sama all juga bisa dua dua nya
-Most/ all of sugar is on the table
- Most/all of the teachers are clever
6. Both untuk countable ya... Both of the girls are mine
7. A number of (sejumlah) sama the number of (jumlah) semua untuk countable tapiiiii ada tapiiii nya ya.. Lihat contoh aja deh
- The number of the students is 7
- A number of the students are studying
*the number dianggap tunggal walaupun setelah of diikuti noun "students" tapi tetep is*
*beda sama a number dia dianggap plural maka pake are*
*oh iya yg gak kalah penting kapan kamu pake to be nya jamak atau single pada kalimat yg ada of nya??? Di liat subject yg sebelum of ya..>> the mother of the children is beautiful >>> pada kalimat ini setelah of memang jamak (children) tapi tetep ya pake nya is karena subject utamanya tetep the mother... Mothers of students are coming to the school for meeting.. Kenapa are?? Bukan gara gara students nya tapi gara gara subject nya mother..*
#penggunaan it#
1. Weather: it is cloudy, not sunny
2. Time: it is already 7 o'clock
3. Distance: 300 kilometers from Jakarta to bandung
4. Identification: it is my mother who gave me spirit in my life
5. Situation: it is dark in the room
6. Untuk adj: it is good to see u
#penggunaan there#
Diikuti to be dan bisa singular bisa plural
- There is a book on the table
- There are 3 books on the table
Bisa diikuti verb dan subject
-There play 5 boys in the field
*sekian*
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